“We’re seeing several factors combine to produce significant improvement in highway conditions,” said David T. Hartgen, author of the report and emeritus professor of transportation studies at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte. “Over the last several years, states invested a lot more money to improve pavement and bridges. Spending increased 8% from 2007 to 2008, and per-mile spending on state roads has almost tripled since 1984, so you’d hope and expect to see improved performance. As pavement gets better, roads are widened and bridges get repaired, you’d also expect safety to improve.
“And the significant reduction in vehicle-miles traveled during the recession has also played a role in slowing system decay. But as the states run short of money and deal with large budget deficits, we’ll see if this progress can be continued.”
The annual Reason Foundation study measures the condition and cost-effectiveness of state-owned roads in 11 categories, including deficient bridges, urban traffic congestion, fatality rates, pavement condition on urban and rural interstates and on major rural roads, and the number of unsafe narrow rural lanes. National performance in all of those key areas improved in 2008, the most recent year with complete data available.
Drivers in California, Minnesota, Maryland, Michigan and Connecticut are stuck in the worst traffic. Over 65% of all urban interstates are congested in each of those five states. But nationally, the percentage of urban interstates that are congested fell below 50% for the first time since 2000, when congestion standards were revised.
Motorists in California and Hawaii have to look out for the most potholes on urban interstates. In those two states, 25% of urban interstate pavement is in poor condition. Alaska and Rhode Island have the bumpiest rural pavement, each with about 10% in poor condition. However, nationally, pavement conditions on urban interstates are the best they’ve been since 1993, and rural primary roads are the smoothest they’ve been since 1993 also.
Rhode Island has the most troubled bridges in the country, with over 53% of bridges deficient. For comparison, just 10% of top-ranked Nevada’s bridges are rated deficient. Across the country, over 23.7% of America’s bridges were structurally deficient or functionally obsolete in 2008, the lowest percentage since 1984.
With the recession reducing driving, and engineering improving road design and car safety features, traffic fatalities have steadily fallen to the lowest levels since the 1960s. Massachusetts has the safest roads with just 0.67 fatalities per 100 million miles driven. Montana and Louisiana have the highest fatality rates, at 2.12 and 2.02 fatalities per million miles driven.
Overall, North Dakota, Montana and Kansas have the most cost-effective state highway systems. Rhode Island, Alaska, California, Hawaii and New York have the least cost-effective roads.
For a full report, go to reason.org/news/show/19th-annual-highway-report.
