Controlling Micro-Organisms   Water & Wastes Digest December 2004   By Ivars Jaunakais
This article deals with the control of microorganisms by disinfection with chlorine and DPD chlorine testing.

Measuring Chlorine Disinfection   Water & Wastes Digest December 2004   By Frank Kaiser and Bill Fehrman
This disinfectant is used by more than 90% of the drinking water plants in the U.S., and more than 200 million Americans and Canadians receive chlorine-disinfected drinking water every day.

Brominated Resins   Water Quality Products July 2003   Ken Korslin, CWS-III, Pentair Water Treatment, Plymouth Products Division
In 1957 The Dow Chemical Corp. addressed the negatives of using bromine by creating a brominated ion exchange resin, which opened up the use of bromine in offshore water treatment applications.2 Today, polybromide resin is used in many offshore water treatment systems. The fact that bromine can be added to water that previously has been chlorinated makes polybromide resin a practical solution to accommodate the multiple sources of water in offshore applications.
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Chlorine Residual Boosting in Distribution Water: Problems with Chlorine Application and Disinfection Byproducts - Part 2   Water Engineering & Management May 2003   Shin-ichi Tokuno
Part one of this article covered breakpoint chlorination and discussed the stability of chlorine, chloramine and Cl:NH3 after chlorination.
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Chlorine Residual Boosting in Distribution Water: Problems with Chlorine Application and Disinfection Byproducts - Part 1   Water Engineering & Management April 2003   Shin-ichi Tokuno
Previous research on the boosting of chlorine residual1 included how to increase low levels of chlorine disinfectants (free and combined chlorine) in the distribution system. Simple bench tests using a pocket photometer showed that there are no problems in boosting the low level of chlorine residual when boosting the same disinfectant to the water (e.g., free chlorine to free chlorine, or chloramine to chloramine). In the boosted chlorine residual, there is no significant instability in decay or dissipation during the time needed (72 hours) after boosting for the small utility distributors.

Impact of Mixing Chlorine and Chlorine Dioxide on Total Trihalomethane Formation - Part 2   Water Engineering & Management September 2002   Douglas Rittmann, Ph.D., P.E.
Part 1 described the search for more potent disinfection technologies and began the discussion of the laboratory studies.
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Impact of Mixing Chlorine and Chlorine Dioxide on Total Trihalomethane Formation - Part 1   Water Engineering & Management August 2002   Douglas Rittmann, Ph.D., P.E., and Anthony Tarquin, Ph.D., P.E.
Two rules in 1986 amendments to the Safe Drinking Water Act are challenging many water utilities to meet stricter water quality requirements. The Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR)2 and the Disinfection?Disinfection By-Products (D-DBP) Rule3, are requiring utilities to implement more advanced technologies in water treatment. The Surface Water Treatment Rule emphasizes the need for utilities to meet minimum levels of disinfection for surface waters, whereas the Disinfection/Disinfection By-Products Rule limits the disinfectant byproducts. Therefore, utilities will have to implement a treatment approach that balances the benefits of disinfection against disinfection byproducts.
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Chlorination and Its Alternatives   Water Quality Products March 2002   By Anne Penkal and Nadia Abboud, Severn Trent Services, Inc.
Purification of drinking water containing microbiological contamination requires some form of disinfection treatment to kill or render microbiological organisms harmless. Of the available disinfection treatment methods for private water systems, chlorination in the most commonly used.

Chlorine Taste in the Customer’s Drinking Water?   Water Quality Products March 2002   By Ron Grage, Chlorinators Incorporated
Chlorine produces bacteria-free water and eliminates algae and slime. It also removes hydrogen sulfide from ground water (wells and springs) and eliminates iron bacteria (cenothrix), which are associated with objectionable odor and taste. Despite these important facts, some people still object to chlorine in their drinking water. Comments such as “I don’t like the way chlorine makes my water taste” are common.

Chlorine Residual Boosting in Distribution Water   Water Engineering & Management January 2002   Shin-ichi Tokuno
When it comes to the methods to increase, or boost, the low level of disinfectant in distribution water, information is scarce
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Oxidizing Arsenic III to Arsenic V for Better Removal   Water Quality Products March 2001   Dr. Dennis Clifford and Ganesh Ghurye, University of Houston
On June 22, 2000, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) proposed lowering the maximum contaminant level (MCL) for arsenic from 50 down to 5 micrograms/L (Federal Register, 2000).
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Manganese & Iron   Water Quality Products December 2000   Glenn Gruett
While the recipe for treating problem water can be a quick fix at times, it also can require trial and error on the part of a water specialist who may need to find the ideal combination of treatments to fix the problem.

Tablet Chlorination System Provides Affordable Alternative to Liquid, Gas   Water & Wastes Digest November 2000

Tablet Chlorination Systems Allow Plants to Meet Stricter Government/Insurance Regulations   Water Engineering & Management May 2000
The Fort Valley municipal water plant had used chlorine gas cylinders for many years. A pair of one-ton cylinders were in operation at the wastewater plant and 150-lb. cylinders at the McLeon and Jones water plants. However, new government and insurance regulations forced management to reevaluate its chlorination strategy.